An IMGW News Report
The year 2024 saw significant developments within the European Union, impacting Schengen visa fees, border controls, and citizenship rules. Here is a summary of the main changes:
Border Controls Introduced or Prolonged
Internal border controls became a notable feature in several Schengen member states. Germany expanded controls to all neighbouring Schengen countries in September, citing security and migration concerns. This measure is expected to remain in place until March 2025, with potential extensions. Similarly, the Netherlands introduced checks with Belgium and Germany in December, while France, Norway, Denmark, and Sweden also implemented temporary border controls. Prolongations were announced by Slovenia, Italy, and Austria, underscoring ongoing challenges within the bloc.
Increased Schengen Visa Fees
Schengen visa fees rose by 12.5% on 11 June 2024, affecting most applicants. Adults now pay €90, while children’s fees increased to €45. For nationals of countries non-compliant with EU readmission policies, fees climbed to as much as €180. However, exemptions and facilitation agreements for certain groups remained unchanged.
Postponed Launch of Entry/Exit System
The EU deferred the launch of the Entry/Exit System (EES) to 2025 due to logistical challenges. This automated IT system is designed to replace manual passport stamping and enhance migration management by collecting biometric data. The phased rollout aims to ensure smooth operation across member states.
Changes in Citizenship Laws
Germany simplified its citizenship process, introducing dual nationality and reducing the residency requirement to five years. Conversely, Finland tightened its criteria, increasing the residency requirement to eight years. Hungary reinstated its Golden Visa Programme, offering residency through investments, while Greece raised its Golden Visa thresholds, with some regions requiring investments of up to €800,000.
Vanuatu Loses Visa-Free Access
In December, Vanuatu became the first country removed from the EU’s visa-free travel list due to concerns over its citizenship-by-investment programme. Passport holders must now apply for visas to enter the Schengen Area.
Work Migration Remains High
Labour shortages drove work migration across the EU. Countries such as Romania, Ireland, and Sweden issued substantial numbers of work permits, while Germany increased migrant worker visas by 10% compared to 2023.
These changes reflect the EU’s efforts to balance security, economic priorities, and migration management amid evolving challenges.
